American Civil War and the Franco-German War. The opening of the book introduces the concept that railways, while initially designed for peaceful purposes, quickly became integral to modern warfare due to their capacity for rapid troop and supply movement. Pratt discusses early discussions and proposals regarding the military use of railways, particularly emphasizing the foresight of military leaders and transport officials in various countries who recognized the strategic advantages railways could offer. Furthermore, he highlights archival examples and early methodologies that illustrate how railways began influencing military campaigns, ultimately laying the groundwork for the comprehensive exploration of rail transport's role in war that follows in the subsequent chapters. (This is an automatically generated summary.)